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WiFi 7 (Wi-Fi 7) is the next-generation Wi-Fi standard to be launched, also known as IEEE 802.11be or extremely high throughput (EHT).
Based on Wi-Fi 6, Wi-Fi 7 introduces technologies such as 320 MHz bandwidth, 4096-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), multi-resource unit (RU), multi-link operation (MLO), enhanced multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO), and multi-access point (AP) coordination. Drawing on these cutting-edge technologies, Wi-Fi 7 delivers a higher data transmission rate and lower latency than Wi-Fi 6. Wi-Fi 7 is expected to support a throughput of up to 30 Gbps, about three times that of Wi-Fi 6.
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Telemetry is a next-generation network monitoring technology used to remotely collect data from devices at high speed. Devices periodically push device information to a collector, providing real-time, high-speed, and accurate network monitoring. To be specific, telemetry organizes data based on YANG models, encodes data in the Google Protocol Buffers (GPB) format, and transmits data through the Google Remote Procedure Call (gRPC) protocol. This improves data collection efficiency and facilitates intelligent interconnection.
In traditional technologies, a collector and devices interact in pull mode by alternatively sending requests and responses. In contrast to these technologies, telemetry works in push mode and has the following advantages:
- Proactively pushes data, reducing the pressure on devices.
- Pushes data periodically in subseconds to avoid data inaccuracy caused by network delay.
- Is capable to monitor a large number of network devices, improving network monitoring efficiency.
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Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6), also called IP Next Generation (IPng), is a second-generation standard network layer protocol. The network layer where IPv6 resides provides connectionless data transmission services. IPv6 is designed by the IETF as an upgraded version of IPv4 and addresses many defects in IPv4. The most significant difference between IPv6 and IPv4 is that IP addresses are lengthened from 32 bits to 128 bits. IPv6 is more competitive in future markets with its simplified header, sufficient address space, hierarchical address structure, flexible extension header, and enhanced neighbor discovery mechanism.
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Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a suite of protocols and services that provide security for IP networks. It is a widely used virtual private network (VPN) technology. IP packets lack effective security mechanisms and may be forged, stolen, or tampered with when being transmitted on a public network, such as the Internet. To solve this problem, the communicating parties establish an IPsec tunnel for encrypted transmission of IP packets. This ensures secure transmission of IP packets on an insecure network, such as the Internet.
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Segment Routing IPv6 (SRv6) is a next-generation IP bearer protocol that combines Segment Routing (SR) and IPv6. Utilizing existing IPv6 forwarding technology, SRv6 implements network programming through flexible IPv6 extension headers.
SRv6 reduces the number of required protocol types, offers great extensibility and programmability, and meets the diversified requirements of more new services. It also provides high reliability and offers exciting cloud service application potential.
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802.1X is a port-based network access control protocol. 802.1X authentication refers to 802.1X-based user authentication, which has been widely used on networks that have high requirements on information security.
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A Software Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) implements interconnection among enterprise branches, headquarters, and multiple clouds, and enables applications to select optimal links for data transmission among hybrid links (including MPLS, Internet, 5G, and LTE links), providing high-quality cloud service experience.
SD-WAN improves the reliability, flexibility, and O&M efficiency of enterprise branch networks, makes branch networks always online, and ensures service continuity and stability.
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Bit Index Explicit Replication IPv6 encapsulation (BIERv6) is a new multicast technology. With BIERv6, the ingress encapsulates into packet headers a set of nodes to which multicast packets are destined as a BitString before sending the packets to transit nodes. In this way, the transit nodes do not need to establish an MDT for each multicast flow, nor do they need to maintain per-flow states. Instead, the transit nodes replicate and forward packets based on the BitString. Combining Bit Index Explicit Replication (BIER) with native IPv6 packet forwarding, BIERv6 can efficiently carry multicast services such as IPTV, video conferencing, remote education, telemedicine, and online live telecasting.
In scenarios such as distributed storage, high-performance computing (HPC), and AI, RDMA over Converged Ethernet version 2 (RoCEv2) is used to reduce CPU processing workload and delay and improve application performance. Distributed high-performance applications use the N:1 incast traffic model. For Ethernet switches, incast traffic may cause instantaneous burst congestion or even packet loss in the internal queue buffer of a switch. As a result, the application delay increases and the throughput decreases, which lowers the performance of distributed applications.
An intelligent lossless network uses the AI-ready hardware architecture and iLossless algorithm — an AI-powered intelligent lossless algorithm — to achieve the maximum throughput and minimum latency without packet loss in AI, distributed storage, and HPC scenarios. This accelerates computing and storage efficiency and builds a converged network for future DCs.
Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP), as specified in IEEE 802.3ad, implements dynamic link aggregation and de-aggregation. LACP-enabled member interfaces in a link aggregation group (LAG) exchange Link Aggregation Control Protocol Data Units (LACPDUs) to reach an agreement on the interfaces that can transmit and receive packets and determine the links that carry service traffic. If a link aggregation condition of a LAG changes, for example, a member link fails, LACP is responsible for selecting another available member link to replace the faulty link to maintain load balancing. With no need for hardware upgrades, LACP provides higher link bandwidth and network reliability.
During email-based deployment, a network administrator specifies uniform resource locator (URL) parameters in a deployment email to configure deployment information on the controller client and then sends the deployment email to a specified deployment mailbox. A deployment engineer then receives the deployment email and clicks the URL in the email to start the deployment process. Subsequently, devices automatically complete the deployment.
A cloud-network is a network that connects and enables clouds. The intelligent cloud-network transfers tremendous intelligence and computing power to enterprises and individuals, instilling new impetus into the digital economy. The intelligent cloud-network, characterized by digitalization, intelligence, and servitization, provides intelligent connections for enterprise cloudification to accelerate the digital development of all industries.
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- Channelized Sub-interface
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